Forms produced
Properties
|
|
Density
of EPS
|
16–640 kg/m3
|
Young's modulus (E)
|
|
Tensile strength (st)
|
46–60
MPa
|
Elongation
at break
|
3–4%
|
Notch test
|
|
Glass
transition temperature
|
100 °C
|
90 °C
|
|
Specific heat (c)
|
1.3
kJ/(kg·K)
|
Water absorption (ASTM)
|
0.03–0.1
|
X
years, still decaying
|
|
Polystyrene is commonly injection molded, vacuum formed, or extruded, while expanded polystyrene is either extruded
or molded in a special process. Polystyrene copolymers are also produced; these contain one or more other monomers
in addition to styrene. In recent years the expanded polystyrene composites
with cellulose and starch have also been produced. Polystyrene is used in some polymer-bonded
explosives
ADVANTAGES
1. Handling with easy.
2. Brick is light weight.
3. The cost is economical.
4. Resistance to earthquake shacking.
5. Used in tallest building.
6. Using for parapet wall , partician wall.
7. The mostly used for non loading
bearing wall structures.
8. Manufacturing is easy.
DIS ADVANTAGES
1.It is only used in temporary structure.
2. Not for high strength resistance.
3. Load bearing capacity is normal.
4.Compression strength is normal of brick.
5.Not using for unframed structures.
Diamant
(1986)
The
insulating material having very low value on thermal inertia where by the
flammable is inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity (stec and hull 2010).when
the EPS is subjected to high temperature, the cell walls started to soften and
collapse se the cellular structure which the foam started to contract.
According to (bynum,2001) (Papadopoulos,2005) (A1-homoud 2005)) as cited in
vaou and panias , 2010 when the EPS is subjected to direct sunlight or
temperature higher than 800c the EPS started to breaks down
gradually and reacts with common solvent.
Gurman et
al ., (2004)
It
also gives of the carbon monoxide (co),carbon dioxide (co2) water
and soot (black smoke) (doroudiani and omidian,2010).
Teo et al
(1997)
During
the mixing of the virgin with recycled pre expansion and molding stage , the
pentane gas is being impregnated into EPS beads and causes the virgin to
expand. Unlike for the recycled EPS which has already breaks it cells during
grinding process at this stage very less pentane gas left hence the recycle has
no longer expand. Acierno et al (2010) A nearer place needed to recycle the EPS
waste. Maharana et al ,(2007)
EPS
has becomes an alternative to traditional plastic commodity and it is an eco
friendly polymer. There are two type of polystyrene mainly solid PS and the EPS
. The solid PS such as coffee cups can recycle and synthesis its properties to
original resin, which can be used for other application such as video cassette
cases and office equipment . National polystyrene recycling company had
revealed that the PS foam egg cartons can be recycling in to so many times. Gnip et al (2008)
EPS
also good in packaging product having shock absorbing properties, low cost and
case of processing (International Trade Center UNCTAD/WTO).EPS also being used
as insulating materials in construction. Building material due to its characteristics
which having long term compressive stress.
Kan and
demirboga,(2009)
This
phenomenon can develop more reliable models for predicting creep strain
development by extrapolation and consistency. As leen started by doroudiani and
omidian,2010 Eps is an attractive material because of low in material usage ,
less costly during installation , good performance and resist to moisture.
Another characteristic of Eps it has low value of thermal conductivity.
Unmodified EPS foams have a cellular microstructure with closed cell membranes
made of EPS and its density is typically less than 50 kg/m3.Maharana
et al (2007
Therefore
there are several factors that need to be considered mainly the availability of
waste product how much the amount of waste is being generated. Recycling has
been the concern including eco-efficiency, corporate social responsible and how
quality and traceability of product is been taken in to account. Hamad et al
(2010)
Polymeric
materials are a unique product whereby it exhibit different durability based on
its backbone of a chain. world nowadays produce this product massively in order
to fulfill the needs and requirements of packing industry. As this product
continuously increase , the total amount of plastics that ends up in waste
stream is in a similar trend. This has lead towards the increment cost of
landfill disposal. Vilapana and karlsson (2008)
Therefore
it is important to optimize the waste by applying various practical approaches
such as prevention , minimization , reuse are recovery. Papadopoulos (2008)
Previous
research has proved that this EPS product can improve the heat impact by having
a very low thermal conductivity value. Melo et al (2009) Basically , the EPS
from packaging is white. Naguchi et al (1998)
Basically
, the EPS from packaging is white in material and it has two types mainly clean
post consumer or dirty post consumer. This box normally used in order to
sustain the temperature level in its box. The other accepted polystyrene
materials are serving school trays, polystyrene cups , plates and bowls ,
packaging used to protect electronic and computers , egg cartons , and small
packaging of peanuts. Melo et al (2009)
There are three methods used to
recycling the EPS. Mechanical recycling usually requires the combination of
high temperatures & shear stress (energy consumption) the chemical recycling
usually requires depolymerisation of the recycle material through solvolysis
and thermal catalytic.
